MTI Recommendations for 200 Medline Collection
(Updated: March 14, 2007)


PMID- 9339686
TI - Higher neonatal cerebral blood flow correlates with worse childhood neurologic outcome.
AB - Cerebral blood flow (CBF) in newborn infants is often below levels necessary to sustain brain viability in adults. Controversy exists regarding the effects of such low CBF on subsequent neurologic function. We determined the current childhood neurologic status and IQ in 26 subjects who had measurements of CBF performed with PET in the neonatal period between 1983 and 1989 as part of a study of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Follow-up information at ages 4 to 12 years was obtained on all 26 subjects. Ten subjects had died. All 16 survivors underwent clinical neurologic evaluation, and 14 also underwent intelligence testing. Eight had abnormal clinical neurologic evaluations; eight were normal. The mean neonatal CBF in those with abnormal childhood neurologic outcome was significantly higher than in those with normal childhood neurologic outcome (35.64 +/- 11.80 versus 18.26 +/- 8.62 mL 100 g(-1) min(-1), t = 3.36, p = 0.005). A significant negative correlation between neonatal CBF and childhood IQ was demonstrated (Spearman rank correlation r = -0.675, p = 0.008). Higher CBF was associated with lower IQ. The higher CBF in subjects with worse neurologic and intellectual outcome may reflect greater loss of cerebrovascular autoregulation or other vascular regulatory mechanisms due to more severe brain damage.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
4 25 5 0.1379 0.4444 0.2105
 
Manual MTI
*Cerebrovascular Circulation [1]
*Child Development
Follow-Up Studies
Humans [CT]
Infant, Newborn [CT]
Intelligence
*Nervous System Physiology
Neurologic Examination
Tomography, Emission-Computed [16]
 *Cerebrovascular Circulation (MM;RC)
CASP4 protein, human (MM)
Caspases, Initiator (MM)
*Blood Circulation Time (MM)
Brain (MM;RC)
Intracranial Pressure (RC)
Xenon Radioisotopes (RC)
Brain Ischemia (RC)
*Angiography (MM)
Asphyxia Neonatorum (RC)
Blood Flow Velocity (RC)
Brain Injuries (MM;RC)
Brain Diseases (RC)
Echoencephalography (RC)
Cerebral Arteries (RC)
Tomography, Emission-Computed (RC)
*Physical Examination (MM)
Infant, Premature (RC)
Homeostasis (MM;RC)
Hypoxia, Brain (RC)
Regional Blood Flow (RC)
Apgar Score (RC)
Cerebral Infarction (RC)
Cinnarizine (RC)
Nimodipine (RC)
Infant, Newborn (CT)
Adult (CT)
Humans (CT)
Infant (CT)
PMID- 9357896
TI - Bupivacaine inhibition of L-type calcium current in ventricular cardiomyocytes of hamster.
AB - BACKGROUND: The local anesthetic bupivacaine is cardiotoxic when accidentally injected into the circulation. Such cardiotoxicity might involve an inhibition of cardiac L-type Ca2+ current (ICa,L). This study was designed to define the mechanism of bupivacaine inhibition of ICa,L. METHODS: Cardiomyocytes were enzymatically dispersed from hamster ventricles. Certain voltage- and time-dependencies of ICa,L were recorded using the whole-cell patch clamp method in the presence and absence of different concentrations of bupivacaine. RESULTS: Bupivacaine, in a concentration-dependent manner (10-300 microM), tonically inhibited the peak amplitude of ICa,L. The inhibition was characterized by an increase in the time of recovery from inactivation and a negative-voltage shift of the steady-state inactivation curve. The inhibition was shown to be voltage-dependent, and the peak amplitude of ICa,L could not be restored to control levels by a wash from bupivacaine. CONCLUSIONS: The inhibition of ICa,L appears, in part, to result from bupivacaine predisposing L-type Ca channels to the inactivated state. Data from washout suggest that there may be two mechanisms of inhibition at work. Bupivacaine may bind with low affinity to the Ca channel and also affect an unidentified metabolic component that modulates Ca channel function.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
7 20 2 0.2593 0.7778 0.3889
 
Manual MTI
*Anesthetics, Local [16]
Animals [CT]
*Bupivacaine [3]
*Calcium Channels [6]
Calcium Channels, L-Type [7]
Cricetinae [CT]
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
*Heart [5]
Male
 Myocytes, Cardiac (MM;RC)
*Heart Ventricles (MM;RC)
*Bupivacaine (MM;RC)
*Calcium (MM;RC)
Heart (MM;RC)
Calcium Channels (RC)
Calcium Channels, L-Type (RC)
Calcium Channel Blockers (RC)
Myocardium (RC)
Membrane Potentials (RC)
Ion Channel Gating (RC)
Patch-Clamp Techniques (RC)
Dihydropyridines (RC)
Nisoldipine (RC)
Nimodipine (RC)
Anesthetics, Local (MM)
Tetracaine (RC)
Barium (RC)
Inhibition (Psychology) (MM)
Dibucaine (RC)
Potassium (RC)
Lidocaine (RC)
Potassium Channels (RC)
Action Potentials (RC)
Anti-Arrhythmia Agents (RC)
Cricetinae (CT)
Animals (CT)
PMID- 9298188
TI - Formation of formate and hydrogen, and flux of reducing equivalents and carbon in Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD-1.
AB - A pathway for conversion of the metabolic intermediate phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and the formation of acetate, succinate, formate, and H2 in the anaerobic cellulolytic bacterium Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD-1 was constructed on the basis of enzyme activities detected in extracts of cells grown in cellulose- or cellobiose-limited continuous culture. PEP was converted to acetate and CO2 (via pyruvate kinase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, and acetate kinase) or carboxylated to form succinate (via PEP carboxykinase, malate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and fumarate reductase). Lactate was not formed even during rapid growth (batch culture, mu = 0.35/h). H2 was formed by a hydrogenase rather than by cleavage of formate, and 13C-NMR and 14C-exchange reaction data indicated that formate was produced by CO2 reduction, not by a cleavage of pyruvate. The distribution of PEP into the acetate and succinate pathways was not affected by changing extracellular pH and growth rates within the normal growth range. However, increasing growth rate from 0.017/h to 0.244/h resulted in a shift toward formate production, presumably at the expense of H2. This shift suggested that reducing equivalents could be balanced through formate or H2 production without affecting the yields of the major carbon-containing fermentation endproducts.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
12 13 4 0.4800 0.7500 0.5854
 
Manual MTI
*Acetates [12]
Anaerobiosis [17]
Bacterial Proteins
Carbon Dioxide [10]
Cellobiose [13]
Cellulose [20]
Fermentation [6]
*Formates [2]
*Gram-Positive Cocci
*Hydrogen [1]
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration [25]
Hydrogenase
Lactic Acid [19]
Phosphoenolpyruvate [16]
Pyruvic Acid
*Succinic Acid [11]
 *Hydrogen (MM;RC)
*Formates (MM;RC)
*Carbon (MM;RC)
formic acid (MM)
*Formic Acids (MM;RC)
Fermentation (MM;RC)
*Ruminococcus (MM)
FD 1 (MM)
*Tegafur (MM)
Carbon Dioxide (MM;RC)
Succinic Acid (MM;RC)
Acetates (MM;RC)
Cellobiose (MM;RC)
Succinates (MM;RC)
Pyruvates (MM;RC)
Phosphoenolpyruvate (MM;RC)
Anaerobiosis (RC)
Peptococcaceae (RC)
Lactic Acid (MM;RC)
Cellulose (MM;RC)
Protons (MM)
Glucose (RC)
Acetic Acid (RC)
Clostridium thermocellum (RC)
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration (MM;RC)
PMID- 9263049
TI - Approximate confidence intervals for heritability from method R estimates.
AB - Method R estimates of heritability (h2) and associated confidence intervals (CI) were obtained from simulated data using a single trait, direct effects, full animal model, with 50% subsampling. Five hundred data sets were simulated for each of five levels of h2 (.10, .20, .30, .40, and .50) and two types of pedigree structure (random pedigree structure [N = 2,000] that varied over simulations, or the pedigree structure from a real data set [N = 2,644] that was constant for all simulations). The first 10, 20, and all 50 h2 estimates were used to obtain 80, 90, 95, and 99% CI for each data set. The variance of h2 estimates within data sets approximated the sampling variance of the h2 estimates. The Box-Cox transformation was used to normalize the distribution of estimates from each data set. Confidence intervals were computed on the transformed scale as CI = mu +/- (T x sigma), where mu and sigma = the mean and SD of the N transformed h2 estimates, respectively, and T = the critical value from the T distribution for a 1-alpha CI, with df = N-1. Upper and lower CI bounds were converted back to the original scale by reversing the transformation. The percentages of CI containing the true h2 value, pooled across all levels of h2, types of pedigree, and number of estimates used to obtain CI, for 80, 90, 95, and 99% CI were 81.14, 90.96, 95.27, and 98.76%, respectively. These results suggested that Method R h2 estimates can be used to obtain reliable CI.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
3 11 7 0.2143 0.3000 0.2500
 
Manual MTI
Analysis of Variance [6]
Animals
*Animals, Domestic
Confidence Intervals [1]
Female
*Genetics
Male
*Models, Genetic [7]
Phenotype
Time Factors
 *Confidence Intervals (MM;RC)
CASP4 protein, human (MM)
Caspases, Initiator (MM)
Pedigree (MM;RC)
Breeding (RC)
Analysis of Variance (RC)
Models, Genetic (RC)
Models, Statistical (RC)
Regression Analysis (RC)
Data Interpretation, Statistical (RC)
Pinus taeda (RC)
Computer Simulation (RC)
Multivariate Analysis (RC)
Quantitative Trait, Heritable (RC)
PMID- 9308130
TI - rhDNase as an example of recurrent event analysis.
AB - We consider counting process methods for analysing time-to-event data with multiple or recurrent outcomes, using the models developed by Anderson and Gill, Wei, Lin and Weissfeld and Prentice, Williams and Peterson. We compare the methods, and show how to implement them using popular statistical software programs. By analysing three data sets, we illustrate the strengths and pitfalls of each method. The first example is simulated and involves the effect of a hidden covariate. The second is based on a trial of gamma interferon, and behaves remarkably like the first. The third and most interesting example involves both multiple events and discontinuous intervals at risk, and the three approaches give dissimilar answers. We recommend the AG and marginal models for the analysis of this type of data.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
5 14 14 0.2632 0.2632 0.2632
 
Manual MTI
Adult
Analysis of Variance [9]
Child
*Cystic Fibrosis
Data Collection
*Deoxyribonuclease I [7]
Double-Blind Method [18]
*Expectorants
*Granulomatous Disease, Chronic
Humans
*Interferon-gamma, Recombinant
*Mathematical Computing
*Models, Statistical [4]
*Randomized Controlled Trials
Recombinant Proteins
Risk
*Software
*Survival Analysis [2]
Treatment Outcome
 *Recurrence (MM;RC)
Survival Analysis (RC)
Proportional Hazards Models (RC)
Models, Statistical (RC)
Likelihood Functions (RC)
DNASE1 protein, human (MM)
*Deoxyribonuclease I (MM)
Data Interpretation, Statistical (RC)
Analysis of Variance (RC)
Multivariate Analysis (RC)
Biometry (RC)
*Research (MM)
Bayes Theorem (RC)
*Laboratory Techniques and Procedures (MM)
Models, Biological (MM;RC)
Odds Ratio (RC)
Follow-Up Studies (RC)
Double-Blind Method (RC)
Prognosis (RC)
PMID- 9317033
TI - Involvement of p21racA, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and vacuolar ATPase in phagocytosis of bacteria and erythrocytes by Entamoeba histolytica: suggestive evidence for coincidental evolution of amebic invasiveness.
AB - Trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica, the protozoan parasite that causes amebic dysentery, phagocytose bacteria in the colonic lumen and erythrocytes (RBC) in host tissues. Because tissue invasion is an evolutionary dead end, it is likely that amebic pathogenicity is coincidentally selected, i.e., the same methods used to kill bacteria in the colonic lumen are used by parasites to damage host cells and cause disease. In support of this idea, the amebic lectin and pore-forming peptide are involved in binding and killing, respectively, bacteria and host epithelial cells. Here amebic phagocytosis of bacteria, RBC, and mucin-coated beads was disrupted by overexpression of E. histolytica p21(racA-V12), a ras-family protein involved in selection of sites of actin polymerization, which had been mutated to eliminate its GTPase activity. p21(racA-V12) transformants were also defective in capping and cytokinesis, while pinocytosis of fluorescent dextrans was not affected. Wortmannin, a fungal inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, markedly inhibited phagocytosis of bacteria, RBC, and mucin-coated beads by wild-type amebae. In contrast to p21(racA-V12) overexpression, wortmannin abolished amebic pinocytosis of dextrans but had no inhibitory effects on capping. Inhibition of amebic vacuolar acidification by bafilomycin also decreased bacterial and RBC uptake. These results, which demonstrate similarities between mechanisms of phagocytosis of bacteria and RBC by amebae and macrophages, support the idea of coincidental selection of amebic genes encoding proteins that mediate destruction of host cells.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
7 19 17 0.2692 0.2917 0.2800
 
Manual MTI
*1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase
Ammonium Chloride
Androstadienes
Animals [CT]
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Bacteria [13]
Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors
*Entamoeba histolytica [1]
Erythrocytes [7]
Evolution [12]
*GTP-Binding Proteins
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Immunologic Capping
Leucine
Macrolides
Macrophages
Models, Biological
Monensin
Mutation
*Phagocytosis [3]
Pinocytosis [19]
Transformation, Genetic
Vacuoles
rac GTP-Binding Proteins
 *Entamoeba histolytica (MM;RC)
Trophozoites (MM)
*Phagocytosis (MM;RC)
*Amoeba (MM)
Entamoebiasis (RC)
Dysentery, Amebic (MM;RC)
*Erythrocytes (MM;RC)
Entamoeba (RC)
Liver Abscess, Amebic (RC)
Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases (MM)
1-Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase (MM)
*Evolution (MM)
*Bacteria (MM;RC)
Virulence (MM;RC)
Host-Parasite Relations (RC)
Lectins (MM;RC)
Phosphatidylserines (RC)
Protozoan Proteins (RC)
Pinocytosis (MM)
Amoebida (MM)
Cell Adhesion (RC)
Actins (MM;RC)
Mucins (MM;RC)
Colon (MM;RC)
Hemoglobins (RC)
Animals (CT)
PMID- 9331038
TI - Intra-articular local anaesthesia for pain after hip arthroplasty.
AB - We investigated 15 patients with painful hip arthroplasties using intra-articular injection of bupivicaine. Fourteen had pain relief and 13 of them were subsequently found to have loosening of one or both components. The relief of pain after total hip arthroplasty by intra-articular injection of bupivicaine indicates that a satisfactory result is probable after revision surgery with refixation of the components.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
6 14 9 0.3000 0.4000 0.3429
 
Manual MTI
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
*Anesthetics, Local [7]
Arthrography
*Bupivacaine [4]
Female
Follow-Up Studies
*Hip Prosthesis [6]
Humans [CT]
Injections, Intra-Articular [13]
Male
Middle Aged
Pain Measurement
*Pain, Postoperative
Prosthesis Failure [11]
 *Pain Clinics (MM)
*Pain (MM;RC)
*Anesthesia, Local (MM)
Bupivacaine (MM;RC)
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip (MM;RC)
Hip Prosthesis (RC)
Anesthetics, Local (RC)
*Arthroplasty, Replacement (MM)
*Joints (MM)
*Drug Administration Routes (MM)
Prosthesis Failure (RC)
Hip Joint (RC)
Injections, Intra-Articular (MM;RC)
Hip (MM;RC)
Osteoarthritis, Hip (RC)
Reoperation (RC)
Hip Dislocation (RC)
Acetabulum (RC)
Arthralgia (RC)
Humans (CT)
PMID- 9382160
TI - Determinants of type of initial hemodialysis vascular access.
AB - Vascular access thrombosis is more common with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) grafts than with native arteriovenous fistulae (AVF). Recent studies report an unexplained excess vascular access morbidity in women on hemodialysis. We studied 92 consecutive end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients receiving their first permanent hemodialysis vascular access at initiation of hemodialysis to identify variables that determine assignment of either a PTFE graft or a native AVF. Independent variables included: age, gender, race, etiology of ESRD, and whether or not access surgery was electively planned before need for dialytic therapy. The 51 women and 41 men included 65 blacks, 13 Hispanics, 11 whites, and 3 Orientals aged 50 +/- (SD) 16 years. Of the 92 subjects, 54 (59%) received an AVF, while 38 (41%) received a PTFE graft. 36 (94%) of 38 PTFE grafts were placed in the upper arm as compared with 9 (17%) of 54 AVF (p = 0.0001). Also, 45 (83%) of 54 AVF were placed in the forearm as compared with only 2 (6%) of 38 PTFE grafts (p = 0.0001). Women were more likely to receive a PTFE graft - 28 (55%) of 51 - than men - 10 (24%) of 41 (p = 0.003). By contrast, men were more likely to get an AVF - 31 (76%) of 41 - than women - 23 (45 %) of 51 (p = 0.003). The log linear analysis confirmed that this finding was significant (p = 0.0018) for the coefficient of interaction between gender and type of vascular access. No other independent variable had a significant relationship with type of vascular access. We conclude that women with ESRD are more likely to receive a PTFE graft for hemodialysis, while men are more likely to get an AVF. These findings may explain, in part, the reported excess vascular access morbidity in women on hemodialysis.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
10 14 7 0.4167 0.5882 0.4878
 
Manual MTI
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
*Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical [2]
*Catheters, Indwelling [5]
Decision Making
Female [CT]
Graft Occlusion, Vascular [8]
Humans [CT]
Kidney Failure, Chronic [3]
Male [CT]
Middle Aged
Polytetrafluoroethylene [4]
Prospective Studies
*Renal Dialysis [1]
Sex Factors
Thrombosis [9]
 *Renal Dialysis (MM;RC)
Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical (RC)
Kidney Failure, Chronic (MM;RC)
Polytetrafluoroethylene (MM;RC)
Catheters, Indwelling (RC)
Blood Vessel Prosthesis (RC)
Vascular Patency (RC)
Graft Occlusion, Vascular (RC)
Thrombosis (MM;RC)
Arteriovenous Fistula (MM;RC)
Blood Urea Nitrogen (RC)
Catheterization, Central Venous (RC)
Femoral Vein (RC)
Veins (RC)
Forearm (MM;RC)
Kidney Failure (RC)
Transplants (MM)
Prosthesis Design (RC)
Brachial Artery (RC)
Transplantation, Heterologous (RC)
Graft Survival (RC)
Humans (CT)
Female (CT)
Male (CT)
PMID- 9301125
TI - Pradimicin, a mannose-binding antibiotic, induced carbohydrate-mediated apoptosis in U937 cells.
AB - Pradimicin (PRM), a mannose-binding antifungal antibiotic, recognizes a D-mannoside in the presence of calcium. We demonstrated that BMY-28864, a semi-synthetic analog of PRM, induced apoptosis in U937 cells which had been incubated with 1-deoxymannojirimycin (DMJ). Characteristic morphological changes such as formation of apoptotic bodies and DNA fragmentation were observed in apoptotic cells.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
8 14 5 0.3636 0.6154 0.4571
 
Manual MTI
1-Deoxynojirimycin [20]
*Anti-Bacterial Agents [8]
*Antibiotics, Antineoplastic [7]
Antigens, Surface
*Apoptosis [6]
*Carbohydrates [10]
Cell Line
DNA, Neoplasm
Electrophoresis, Agar Gel
Humans [CT]
Leukemia, Myeloid
Mannose [12]
Oligosaccharides [19]
 *U937 Cells (MM;RC)
DNA Fragmentation (MM;RC)
N,N-dimethylpradimicin FA-2 (MM)
Anthracyclines (MM;RC)
Antibiotics, Antifungal (MM;RC)
*Apoptosis (MM;RC)
Antibiotics, Antineoplastic (RC)
*Anti-Bacterial Agents (MM)
In Situ Nick-End Labeling (RC)
*Carbohydrates (MM)
Microbial Sensitivity Tests (RC)
Mannose (MM;RC)
*Cell Physiology (MM)
Calcium (MM;RC)
Reactive Oxygen Species (RC)
Carbohydrate Sequence (RC)
Mannosides (MM;RC)
Hela Cells (RC)
Oligosaccharides (RC)
1-Deoxynojirimycin (RC)
Actinomycetales (RC)
Humans (CT)
PMID- 9378488
TI - TCR alpha beta+ CD4- CD8- T cells differentiate extrathymically in an lck-independent manner and participate in early response against Listeria monocytogenes infection through interferon-gamma production.
AB - T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha beta+ CD4- CD8- (double-negative; DN) T cells appear in the peritoneal cavity at an early stage of intraperitoneal (i.p.) infection with the intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. In the present report, we analysed the developmental pathway and functions of the TCR alpha beta+ DN T cells using the L. monocytogenes infection system. The TCR alpha beta+ DN T cells appeared in the peritoneal cavity after L. monocytogenes i.p. infection in adult-thymectomized lethally irradiated bone marrow chimeras and p56lck-deficient mice. The results demonstrated that the TCR alpha beta+ DN T cells can develop extrathymically in a p56lck-independent manner. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed that the TCR alpha beta+ DN T cells expressed genes for interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), the macrophage chemotactic factors MCP-1 and Eta-1, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) but lacked expression of genes for interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4 and IL-10. As expected from the RT-PCR analysis, the TCR alpha beta+ DN T cells produced IFN-gamma in response to anti-TCR beta monoclonal antibody (mAb), anti-CD3 mAb and L. monocytogenes-infected macrophages but IL-4 was undetectable after the stimulation. Furthermore, the intracellular cytokine staining analysis demonstrated that approximately half of the TCR alpha beta+ DN T cells detectable at the early stage of L. monocytogenes infection were IFN-gamma-producing cells. All of the results suggest that the TCR alpha beta+ DN T cells develop through a unique extrathymic p56lck-independent pathway and participate in early protection against bacterial infection through activation and accumulation of macrophages.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
10 17 8 0.3704 0.5556 0.4444
 
Manual MTI
Animals [CT]
Antigens, CD4 [3]
Antigens, CD8 [1]
Ascitic Fluid
Cell Culture Techniques
Cell Differentiation
Cytokines [18]
Female
Gene Expression
*Interferon Type II [8]
*Listeria Infections [6]
*Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck) [9]
Mice [CT]
Mice, Inbred Strains
Mice, Knockout
Polymerase Chain Reaction
*Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta [2]
*T-Lymphocyte Subsets [13]
 *Antigens, CD8 (MM;RC)
*Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta (MM;RC)
*Antigens, CD4 (MM;RC)
Receptors, Interleukin-12 (RC)
*CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes (MM)
*Listeria Infections (MM;RC)
*CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes (MM)
*Interferon Type II (MM;RC)
*Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck) (MM)
*Interferon-gamma, Recombinant (MM)
Antigens, CD3 (MM;RC)
T-Lymphocytes (MM;RC)
T-Lymphocyte Subsets (RC)
Listeria monocytogenes (MM;RC)
Interleukin-4 (MM;RC)
Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta (RC)
Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell (RC)
Cytokines (MM;RC)
Lymphocyte Activation (RC)
Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte (RC)
Interleukin-2 (MM;RC)
Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor (RC)
*Cell Adhesion Molecules (MM)
Antibodies, Monoclonal (MM;RC)
Receptors, Interleukin-2 (RC)
Animals (CT)
Mice (CT)
PMID- 9298438
TI - Identification of Beck Depression Inventory items related to multiple sclerosis.
AB - The percentage contribution of each item on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to the total BDI score was compared across patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder, and normal college students. We considered an item to be confounded by MS-related symptoms if its percentage contribution to the total BDI score was significantly greater in the MS group than the major depression and control groups. Items measuring work difficulty, fatigue, and concerns about health met this criterion. These items accounted for 34, 17, and 19% of the total BDI score in the MS, major depression, and control groups, respectively. Using the 18-item BDI (BDI-18) which resulted from excluding the 3 confounded items, MS patients found to be were more depressed than controls but less depressed than the major depression group. The identification of signs of depression not confounded with MS which could be substituted for confounded signs was also discussed.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
7 12 4 0.3684 0.6364 0.4667
 
Manual MTI
Adult
*Depressive Disorder [6]
Female
Humans [CT]
Male
Middle Aged
*Multiple Sclerosis [3]
*Personality Inventory [2]
Psychometrics [8]
Reproducibility of Results [9]
Sick Role [13]
 *Psychiatric Status Rating Scales (MM;RC)
*Personality Inventory (MM;RC)
*Multiple Sclerosis (MM;RC)
Depression (MM;RC)
Identification (Psychology) (MM)
Depressive Disorder (MM;RC)
Depressive Disorder, Major (MM;RC)
Psychometrics (RC)
Reproducibility of Results (RC)
Somatoform Disorders (RC)
Antidepressive Agents (RC)
Questionnaires (RC)
Sick Role (RC)
Sensitivity and Specificity (RC)
Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic (RC)
Self Assessment (Psychology) (RC)
Self Concept (RC)
Affect (RC)
Humans (CT)
PMID- 9279722
TI - Early appearance of neutralizing antibodies after vaccination with an inactivated hepatitis A vaccine.
AB - Sera from 30 subjects vaccinated with the Pasteur Merieux Serums & Vaccins (PM) inactivated hepatitis A vaccine, and from 30 subjects vaccinated with the Smithkline Beecham (SB) inactivated hepatitis A vaccine, were tested in two laboratories in order to provide comparative data on neutralizing activities of vaccine-induced antibodies. Sera were also evaluated by a modified radioimmunoassay (mRIA) and results were compared to neutralization assays results. Neutralizing antibody titres provided by the two laboratories correlated well (coefficient or correlation 0.42, P < 0.001). Neutralizing antibodies were detected after vaccination with both vaccines, and the kinetics of neutralizing antibody were the same with both vaccines. The titres gradually increased between the second week after the first dose and the post-booster dose (week 28). A strong booster effect of the booster vaccine dose on neutralizing titres was observed. Significantly higher neutralizing antibody titres with the PM vaccine were observed as early immune response on week 2 titres on both series of results. Vaccine-induced neutralizing antibody titres and vaccine-induced antibody mRIA titres correlated well (coefficient of correlation 0.82 and 0.72, respectively, P < 0.0001 in both cases). These results demonstrate early appearance of neutralizing antibody at high titre with the PM vaccine.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
7 19 6 0.2692 0.5385 0.3590
 
Manual MTI
Adolescent
Adult
*Antibodies, Viral [13]
Female
Hepatitis A [4]
Hepatitis A Vaccines [1]
*Hepatitis A Virus, Human [7]
Humans
Male
Neutralization Tests [15]
Radioimmunoassay
Vaccines, Inactivated [5]
*Viral Hepatitis Vaccines [6]
 Hepatitis A Vaccines (MM;RC)
*Vaccination (MM;RC)
Hepatitis A Antibodies (RC)
Hepatitis A (RC)
Vaccines, Inactivated (RC)
Viral Hepatitis Vaccines (RC)
Hepatitis A Virus, Human (RC)
Vaccines (MM)
Hepatovirus (RC)
Viral Vaccines (RC)
Hepatitis Antibodies (RC)
Rabies Vaccines (RC)
Antibodies, Viral (RC)
Pertussis Vaccine (RC)
Neutralization Tests (RC)
Diphtheria Toxoid (RC)
Vaccines, Combined (RC)
Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine (RC)
Rabies (RC)
Whooping Cough (RC)
Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated (RC)
Pseudorabies (RC)
Immunization, Secondary (RC)
Tetanus Toxoid (RC)
Vaccines, Virosome (RC)
Animals (CT)
PMID- 9366534
TI - MRI and CT of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma causing spinal cord compression.
AB - We report the imaging features in five patients with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma causing spinal cord compression, three of which were biopsy proven and two were in patients with known diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. The radiographic, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) features are highlighted. Although the occurrence of metastatic disease in hepatocellular carcinoma is exceedingly rare, it may be increasingly encountered as survival of patients is improved with advancing methods of therapy, both surgical and palliative. It often accompanies local recurrence, and invariably signals a grave prognosis with extremely short life expectancy. Unusually, two of the five patients in this series presented initially with skeletal metastases which led to the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
8 18 5 0.3077 0.6154 0.4103
 
Manual MTI
Adult
*Bone Neoplasms [13]
*Carcinoma, Hepatocellular [4]
Fatal Outcome
Female
Humans [CT]
*Liver Neoplasms [5]
*Magnetic Resonance Imaging [2]
Male
Middle Aged
*Spinal Cord Compression [3]
Spinal Neoplasms [7]
*Tomography, X-Ray Computed [1]
 *Tomography, X-Ray Computed (MM;RC)
*Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MM;RC)
*Spinal Cord Compression (MM;RC)
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular (MM;RC)
Liver Neoplasms (RC)
*Carcinoma (MM)
Spinal Neoplasms (RC)
Angiography (RC)
Spinal Cord Neoplasms (RC)
Angiography, Digital Subtraction (RC)
Biopsy (MM;RC)
Thoracic Neoplasms (RC)
Bone Neoplasms (RC)
Discitis (RC)
Cervical Vertebrae (RC)
Thoracic Vertebrae (RC)
Neoplasm Staging (RC)
Hepatic Artery (RC)
Spine (RC)
Lumbar Vertebrae (RC)
Neoplasms, Unknown Primary (RC)
Neoplasms (RC)
Thoracic Wall (RC)
Liver Cirrhosis (RC)
Prostatic Neoplasms (RC)
Humans (CT)
PMID- 9293364
TI - Transected thoracic aorta: age-specific differences in incidence and possible reasons.
AB - The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of aortic transaction in relation to age, and to examine possible reasons for the observed differences. Data from the North Carolina Medical Database over a 7-year period were examined for the total number of motor vehicle accident victims and for the subset with aortic rupture, based on age at presentation. Data were then divided into 10-year intervals and the differences analyzed using chi-square analysis. Differences among various age groups were statistically significant (P = 0.0001). The highest rate was in the 21-30-year-old age group and average incidence for all ages was 0.7%. High incidence of aortic transaction in the 21-30-year-old group may be due to an increase in high-risk behaviors in such persons, to an improved survival compared with other age ranges, or to an inherent susceptibility of the aorta at this stage of life. These data have important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of aortic transaction and should be taken into account when developing practice guidelines for its management.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
8 8 16 0.5000 0.3333 0.4000
 
Manual MTI
Accidents, Traffic [7]
Adolescent
Adult [CT]
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
*Aorta, Thoracic [1]
*Aortic Rupture [2]
Child
Child, Preschool
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Humans
Incidence [3]
Infant
Male
Middle Aged
North Carolina [15]
Registries
Risk Factors
Sex Factors
Survival Analysis
*Thoracic Injuries [12]
*Wounds, Nonpenetrating [13]
 Aorta, Thoracic (MM;RC)
Aortic Rupture (MM;RC)
*Incidence (MM;RC)
Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic (RC)
Aorta (MM)
Aorta, Abdominal (RC)
Accidents, Traffic (MM;RC)
Aortography (RC)
Aneurysm, Dissecting (RC)
Seat Belts (RC)
Retrospective Studies (RC)
Thoracic Injuries (RC)
Wounds, Nonpenetrating (RC)
Injury Severity Score (RC)
North Carolina (MM)
Adult (CT)
PMID- 9377289
TI - [Clinical variability of bilateral paramedian thalamic infarcts]
AB - INTRODUCTION: Thalamic infarcts in paramedian artery territory are seen fairly frequently owing to certain peculiarities of the vascularization of the thalamus. However, clinical diagnosis is usually difficult because of the many varieties and peculiarities of the symptomatology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We present a review of twelve cases of bilateral paramedian infarcts of the thalamus seen in our Department of Neurology and in a private surgery. We analyze the symptoms and their relationship to the neuro-radiological findings. Finally we compare our observations with the descriptions published by other authors and seek and anatomo-functional relationship for each of the symptoms and signs observed. RESULTS: The usual clinical outline in our patients included disorders of consciousness, different types of oculomotor disorders and cerebellar symptoms, mainly of gait. Other less common findings were memory disorders and abnormal movements. In no case were there sensory changes and pyramidal signs were rare in the absence of significant extra-thalamic lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings, although generally comparable to those described in the literature consulted, were somewhat different with regard to cerebellar symptoms and the absence of sensory and pyramidal signs. We also emphasize the marked differences seen between the individual patients in our series. A good knowledge of the possible clinical variants of these lesions is necessary for a correct initial diagnostic approach in the study of these patients.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
5 15 11 0.2500 0.3125 0.2778
 
Manual MTI
Adult
Aged
Amnesia
Ataxia
Basal Ganglia Diseases
Cerebellum [9]
*Cerebral Infarction [4]
Consciousness Disorders
Dysarthria
Female
Humans [CT]
Magnetic Resonance Imaging [6]
Male
Middle Aged
Ocular Motility Disorders
*Thalamus [1]
 *Thalamus (MM;RC)
*Infarction (MM)
Thalamic Diseases (RC)
Cerebral Infarction (RC)
Thalamic Nuclei (RC)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (RC)
Tomography, X-Ray Computed (RC)
Brain Infarction (RC)
Cerebellum (MM;RC)
Dominance, Cerebral (RC)
Cerebral Arterial Diseases (RC)
Somatosensory Cortex (RC)
Tremor (RC)
Dementia, Vascular (RC)
Brain (RC)
Cerebellar Diseases (RC)
Cerebral Angiography (RC)
Memory Disorders (MM;RC)
Brain Mapping (RC)
Humans (CT)
PMID- 9379299
TI - Ascarophis marina n. comb. (Nematoda: cystidicolidae) from the fishes Parona signata (Carangidae) and Urophycis brasiliensis (Gadidae) in the southwestern Atlantic.
AB - The taxonomic position of Cystidicola marina Szidat, 1961 is revised, based on the re-examination of type and new specimens collected from the type host, Urophycis brasiliensis (Gadidae), and a new host, Parona signata (Carangidae), in the southwestern Atlantic. The species is redescribed and transferred to Ascarophis as A. marina n. comb. It is distinguished from other species of Ascarophis by the following combination of characters: body length (male: 10.2-22.5 mm, female: 32.8-44.2 mm), number of egg filaments (2 on each pole), egg size (0.030-0.039 mm x 0.015-0.021 mm), and left spicule length (0.4-0.6 mm).

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
7 11 1 0.3889 0.8750 0.5385
 
Manual MTI
Animals [CT]
Female [CT]
*Fish Diseases [8]
Fishes [4]
Male [CT]
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
*Nematoda [1]
*Nematode Infections [7]
 *Nematoda (MM;RC)
*Spiruroidea (MM;RC)
*Gadiformes (MM;RC)
*Fishes (MM;RC)
*Helminths (MM)
*Perciformes (MM;RC)
Nematode Infections (RC)
Fish Diseases (RC)
Spirurida Infections (RC)
Cestoda (RC)
Elasmobranchii (RC)
Decapoda (Crustacea) (RC)
Life Cycle Stages (RC)
Ovum (MM;RC)
Host-Parasite Relations (RC)
Female (CT)
Male (CT)
Animals (CT)
PMID- 9314714
TI - Use of medical services by veterans with mental disorders.
AB - This study examined timeliness, access, and intensity of outpatient medical service use in a national sample of veterans with comorbid medical disorders discharged from Veterans Affairs (VA) psychiatric units (N = 44,533). The factors that predicted decreased use of medical services included diagnosis of schizophrenia, posttraumatic stress disorder, and substance abuse. The factors associated with increased use of medical services included proximity to a VA outpatient clinic, receipt of VA compensation payments, discharge from a facility with greater resources devoted to medical-surgical care, and prompt outpatient mental health follow-up. Better integration of medical and psychiatric services may help improve access to medical care for the severely mentally ill.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
7 18 9 0.2800 0.4375 0.3415
 
Manual MTI
Adult
Aged
Ambulatory Care [18]
*Community Mental Health Services [5]
Comorbidity
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female [CT]
*Health Services Accessibility [14]
Humans [CT]
Incidence
Male
*Mental Disorders [2]
Middle Aged
Patient Discharge
United States
*Veterans [1]
 *Veterans (MM;RC)
*Mental Disorders (MM;RC)
Mental Health Services (RC)
United States Department of Veterans Affairs (RC)
Community Mental Health Services (RC)
Mentally Ill Persons (MM;RC)
Hospitals, Veterans (RC)
Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry) (RC)
Homeless Persons (RC)
Substance-Related Disorders (MM;RC)
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic (MM;RC)
Ambulatory Care Facilities (MM;RC)
Psychiatric Department, Hospital (RC)
Health Services Accessibility (RC)
Patient Acceptance of Health Care (RC)
Health Services (RC)
Primary Health Care (RC)
Ambulatory Care (RC)
Women (RC)
Questionnaires (RC)
Delivery of Health Care, Integrated (RC)
War (RC)
Health Care Surveys (RC)
Female (CT)
Humans (CT)
PMID- 9293538
TI - Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma arising de novo in the maxilla.
AB - An ameloblastic fibrosarcoma (AFS) arising in the maxilla of a 14-year-old male is described. The tumor originated from the alveolar bone of the right maxilla with no apparent history of pre-existing lesion. Histologically, the lesion was composed of benign-appearing epithelial islands and strands scattered within an exceedingly cellular mass of mesenchymal tissue comprising a large number of stellate-and spindle-shaped fibroblast-like cells with marked pleomorphism. Occasional cementum-like calcification was also noted. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic mesenchymal cells were positive only for vimentin, whereas the ameloblast-like epithelial component showed a distinctly positive reaction for wide-spectrum keratin and squamous cytokeratin. Clinicopathological features of the current case, as well as previously reported examples of AFS originating from the maxilla, are briefly discussed.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
4 11 4 0.2667 0.5000 0.3478
 
Manual MTI
Adolescent
Biopsy
Fatal Outcome
Humans
Male [CT]
Maxilla [2]
*Maxillary Neoplasms [5]
*Odontogenic Tumors [1]
 *Odontogenic Tumors (MM;RC)
*Maxilla (MM)
*Fibrosarcoma (MM;RC)
*Mouth Neoplasms (MM;RC)
Maxillary Neoplasms (RC)
Mandibular Neoplasms (RC)
Odontoma (RC)
Jaw Neoplasms (RC)
Keratins (MM;RC)
Vimentin (MM;RC)
Dermatofibrosarcoma (RC)
Sarcoma (RC)
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local (RC)
Carcinosarcoma (RC)
Male (CT)
PMID- 9346183
TI - Solitary fibrous tumor of soft tissue: a report of 15 cases, including 5 malignant examples with light microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural data.
AB - We describe 15 soft tissue solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) occurring in patients 24 to 78 years old (average, 50.6 yr). Ten tumors were benign and arose in the head and neck area (three tumors), thigh (two), vulva (two), upper arm (one), lower leg (one), and retroperitoneum (one). Five tumors were histologically malignant and arose in the thigh (two), abdominal wall (one), buttock (one), and retroperitoneum (one). All of the tumors were grossly well circumscribed. The benign tumors measured from 2 to 10 cm (average, 4.8 cm) and the malignant ones from 3 to 5.5 cm (average, 4.3 cm) in greatest diameter. Microscopically, the benign tumors showed areas of hypercellularity with variable amounts of collagenous and myxoid stroma; one had amianthoid fibers. The malignant tumors were composed of cytologically atypical cells enmeshed in a collagenous or myxoid extracellular matrix. Ultrastructural study of three benign and three malignant tumors showed fibroblastic differentiation; one benign tumor showed myofibroblastic differentiation. Immunohistochemically, all of the tumors examined were immunoreactive for vimentin, and seven of nine were positive for CD34, including all of the malignant ones. There was focal staining for muscle actin in two benign tumors and for Leu-7 in one benign tumor; there was no staining for cytokeratin, desmin, S-100 protein, epithelial membrane antigen, or smooth muscle actin in any of the examined tissues. Follow-up was available for eight patients for 6 to 21 months (average, 12 mo). No tumor recurred locally or metastasized. The SFTs reported herein support the experiences of others who recently described these tumors in the somatic soft tissues. In addition, our series highlights the occurrence of malignant SFTs in the soft tissues. SFTs should be separated from other spindle cell sarcomas, with which they can be confused.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
5 17 13 0.2273 0.2778 0.2500
 
Manual MTI
Abdominal Muscles
Adult
Aged
Buttocks
Cell Nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough
Extremities
Female [CT]
*Fibroma [7]
Head and Neck Neoplasms
Humans [CT]
Immunohistochemistry [8]
Male
Middle Aged
Retroperitoneal Neoplasms
*Soft Tissue Neoplasms [5]
Tumor Markers, Biological
Vulvar Neoplasms
 *Neoplasms, Fibrous Tissue (MM;RC)
*Phototherapy (MM)
*Light (MM)
Sarcoma (MM;RC)
Soft Tissue Neoplasms (RC)
Fibroma, Desmoplastic (RC)
Fibroma (RC)
Immunohistochemistry (RC)
Antigens, CD34 (MM;RC)
Microscopy, Electron (RC)
Muscle Neoplasms (RC)
Fibrosarcoma (RC)
Lipoma (RC)
Neoplasms (MM)
*Drug Administration Routes (MM)
Nerve Sheath Neoplasms (RC)
*Musculoskeletal System (MM)
Desmin (MM;RC)
Abdominal Neoplasms (RC)
Thoracic Neoplasms (RC)
Humans (CT)
Female (CT)
PMID- 9325071
TI - Plasma effects on phagocytic activity and hydrogen peroxide production by polymorphonuclear leukocytes in neonates.
AB - To elucidate the defense mechanism in neonates against bacterial infections, phagocytic activity and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in the whole blood and the effects of plasma on these functions were investigated on 44 healthy mature neonates (term 37 to 41 weeks) and 15 premature neonates (term 30 to 36 weeks) using two color flow cytometric analysis. The results were compared to those of a healthy adult control group (n = 10). PMN phagocytic activity was low in both mature and premature neonates. H2O2 production of PMN with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) stimulation and following phagocytosis was augmented in both mature and premature neonates. When plasma and PMNs of adults and neonates were separated and combined differently, phagocytic activity and H2O2 production of PMNs appeared to be principally regulated by the plasma employed. This finding indicates that plasma has major effects on both phagocytosis and H2O2 production by PMNs of newborn neonates.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
9 8 3 0.5294 0.7500 0.6207
 
Manual MTI
Adult [CT]
Age Factors
*Blood Bactericidal Activity
*Fetal Blood
Humans [CT]
*Hydrogen Peroxide [2]
Infant, Newborn [CT]
Infant, Premature [7]
*Neutrophils [1]
*Phagocytosis [3]
*Plasma [4]
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate [6]
 Neutrophils (MM;RC)
*Hydrogen Peroxide (MM;RC)
Phagocytosis (MM;RC)
*Plasma (MM)
N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine (RC)
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate (MM;RC)
Infant, Premature (MM;RC)
Peroxidase (RC)
*Motor Activity (MM)
Flow Cytometry (RC)
Granulomatous Disease, Chronic (RC)
Cytoplasmic Granules (RC)
Immunity, Natural (RC)
Infant, Low Birth Weight (RC)
Infant, Newborn (CT)
Adult (CT)
Humans (CT)
PMID- 9379259
TI - Forearm muscle oxygenation decreases with low levels of voluntary contraction.
AB - The purpose of our investigation was to determine if the near infrared spectroscopy technique was sensitive to changes in tissue oxygenation at low levels of isometric contraction in the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle. Nine subjects were seated with the right arm abducted to 45 degrees, elbow flexed to 85 degrees, forearm pronated 45 degrees, and wrist and forearm supported on an armrest throughout the protocol. Altered tissue oxygenation was measured noninvasively with near infrared spectroscopy. The near infrared spectroscopy probe was placed over the extensor carpi radialis brevis of the subject's right forearm and secured with an elastic wrap. After 1 minute of baseline measurements taken with the muscle relaxed, four different loads were applied just proximal to the metacarpophalangeal joint such that the subjects isometrically contracted the extensor carpi radialis brevis at 5, 10, 15, and 50% of the maximum voluntary contraction for 1 minute each. A 3-minute recovery period followed each level of contraction. At the end of the protocol, with the probe still in place, a value for ischemic tissue oxygenation was obtained for each subject. This value was considered the physiological zero and hence 0% tissue oxygenation. Mean tissue oxygenation (+/-SE) decreased from resting baseline (100% tissue oxygenation) to 89 +/- 4, 81 +/- 8, 78 +/- 8, and 47 +/- 8% at 5, 10, 15, and 50% of the maximum voluntary contraction, respectively. Tissue oxygenation levels at 10, 15, and 50% of the maximum voluntary contraction were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the baseline value. Our results indicate that tissue oxygenation significantly decreases during brief, low levels of static muscle contraction and that near infrared spectroscopy is a sensitive technique for detecting deoxygenation noninvasively at low levels of forearm muscle contraction. Our findings have important implications in occupational medicine because oxygen depletion induced by low levels of muscle contraction may be directly linked to muscle fatigue.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
6 19 7 0.2400 0.4615 0.3158
 
Manual MTI
Adult
Exertion
Female
Forearm [1]
Human Engineering
Humans
Male
*Muscle Contraction [3]
Muscle Fatigue [5]
*Muscle, Skeletal [4]
*Oxygen Consumption [10]
Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared [8]
Volition
 *Forearm (MM;RC)
Isometric Contraction (MM;RC)
Muscle Contraction (MM;RC)
Muscle, Skeletal (MM;RC)
Muscle Fatigue (MM;RC)
Muscles (MM)
*Cell Respiration (MM)
Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared (MM;RC)
Electromyography (RC)
Oxygen Consumption (RC)
Arm (MM;RC)
*Respiration (MM)
Physical Endurance (RC)
Oxygen (MM;RC)
Myography (RC)
Exercise (RC)
Elbow (MM)
Movement (MM;RC)
Rest (MM;RC)
Wrist (MM)
Physical Education and Training (RC)
Regional Blood Flow (RC)
Lumbosacral Region (RC)
Musculoskeletal Equilibrium (RC)
Hand Strength (RC)
PMID- 9085387
TI - Educational and informational strategies to reduce pesticide risks. Council on Scientific Affairs.
AB - BACKGROUND: In 1993, the American Medical Association (AMA) requested its Council on Scientific Affairs to investigate issues and concerns related to (1) improving public notification of pesticide applications and (2) improving educational programs for commercial and farm pesticide applicators and increasing enforcement of licensing examination requirements. This report was presented at the 1994 Interim Meeting of the AMA House of Delegates as Report 4 of the Council on Scientific Affairs. METHODS: Information for the report was derived from published literature and from personal communications with state and federal regulatory officials, physicians, and representatives of pest control, lawn care, and farm organizations. Some information about state certification and training programs was obtained from telephone conversations with pesticide applicator training program coordinators from California, Florida, Illinois, Iowa, Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, Texas, Washington, and Wisconsin. These states were selected because they contain large agricultural or urban populations that are likely to require the services of trained professional pesticide applicators. RESULTS: Current surveillance systems are inadequate to characterize potential exposure problems related either to pesticide usage or to pesticide related illnesses. The effectiveness of applicator certification and training programs and public notification programs could not be determined because of a lack of federal and state survey data for making useful assessments. CONCLUSIONS: Considering current data gaps, it is prudent for homeowners, farmers, and workers to limit pesticide exposures to themselves and others.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
4 22 5 0.1538 0.4444 0.2286
 
Manual MTI
Certification
*Environmental Exposure [7]
*Environmental Health [13]
Government Agencies
Humans
Pest Control [9]
*Pesticides [1]
Sentinel Surveillance
United States
 *Pesticides (MM;RC)
Agriculture (MM;RC)
American Medical Association (MM;RC)
Agricultural Workers' Diseases (RC)
Herbicides (RC)
*Thinking (MM)
Environmental Exposure (RC)
United States Environmental Protection Agency (RC)
Pest Control (MM)
*Learning (MM)
Chickenpox Vaccine (RC)
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (RC)
Environmental Health (RC)
Occupational Exposure (RC)
Michigan (MM;RC)
Iowa (MM;RC)
New York (MM;RC)
Illinois (MM)
California (MM)
Florida (MM)
Missouri (MM)
Nebraska (MM)
Wisconsin (MM)
New Jersey (MM)
Texas (MM)
Washington (MM)
PMID- 9376959
TI - Angiographic evaluation and management of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
AB - Endoscopy is the primary diagnostic and therapeutic tool used in the evaluation and treatment of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. When endoscopy is unsuccessful in identifying or controlling GI hemorrhage, however, arteriography is useful in both the evaluation and treatment of upper GI hemorrhage.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
3 12 8 0.2000 0.2727 0.2308
 
Manual MTI
Adult
*Angiography [10]
Diagnosis, Differential
Esophageal and Gastric Varices
*Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage [1]
Humans [CT]
Male
Middle Aged
Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage
Postoperative Hemorrhage
Sensitivity and Specificity
 *Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage (MM;RC)
*Evaluation Studies (MM)
Hemostasis, Endoscopic (RC)
Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal (RC)
Endoscopy (MM;RC)
Peptic Ulcer (RC)
Duodenal Diseases (RC)
Stomach Diseases (RC)
Duodenoscopy (RC)
Angiography (MM;RC)
Intestinal Diseases (RC)
Gastroscopy (RC)
Retrospective Studies (RC)
Treatment Outcome (RC)
Humans (CT)
PMID- 9327223
TI - HIV-associated lymphomas.
AB - Intermediate and high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) with a B-cell phenotype are AIDS-defining illnesses. The incidence of systemic NHL increased greatly and primary central nervous system NHL increased even more in the HIV-infected population. Further increases in frequency are anticipated as HIV-infected individuals survive longer in an immunosuppressed state with improved antiretroviral treatment and treatment of opportunistic infections. Unusual types of NHL and manifestations of Hodgkin's disease are seen in HIV-infected individuals also. The pathologic and clinical features of the HIV-associated lymphomas and treatment approaches and results are the subjects of this review. Other articles in this issue discuss epidemiology and pathogenesis.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
3 11 1 0.2143 0.7500 0.3333
 
Manual MTI
Central Nervous System Neoplasms [12]
Humans
*Lymphoma, AIDS-Related [6]
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin [8]
 *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (MM;RC)
*HIV Infections (MM;RC)
*HIV (MM)
*HIV Seropositivity (MM)
*AIDS Vaccines (MM)
Lymphoma, AIDS-Related (RC)
Lymphoma (MM)
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin (MM;RC)
Incidence (MM;RC)
Hodgkin Disease (MM;RC)
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active (RC)
Central Nervous System Neoplasms (MM;RC)
Risk Factors (RC)
Retroviridae Infections (RC)
PMID- 9339895
TI - Hinnavin I, an antibacterial peptide from cabbage butterfly, Artogeia rapae.
AB - We have previously isolated four antibacterial peptides from the immune haemolymph of the fifth instar larvae of cabbage butterfly, Artogeia rapae [Yoe, S. M., Bang, I. S., Kang, C. S., and Kim, H. J. (1996) Mol. Cells 6, 609-614]. They were induced by live, nonpathogenic gram negative bacteria. One of these novel antibacterial peptides was named hinnavin I. Hinnavin I is heat stable; its activity was retained after 60 min incubation at 100 degrees C, being effective against gram negative and/or gram positive bacteria. Hinnavin I and lysozyme II showed a powerful synergistic effect on the inhibition of bacterial growth. Amino acid composition was analyzed and the molecular weight was determined to be 4,139.94+/-10.91 Da by the ESI mass spectrometer. To elucidate the primary structure of hinnavin I, the amino acid sequence of this peptide was determined by N-terminal sequencing techniques. The amino-terminal half of the molecule was rich in charged amino acids and was hydrophilic, whereas the carboxyl-terminal half was hydrophobic.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
10 16 5 0.3846 0.6667 0.4878
 
Manual MTI
Amino Acid Sequence [5]
Amino Acids
Animals [CT]
*Anti-Bacterial Agents [3]
*Butterflies [2]
Drug Synergism
Escherichia coli
Growth Inhibitors
Hemolymph [10]
*Insect Proteins [15]
Molecular Sequence Data [8]
Molecular Weight [12]
Muramidase [13]
*Peptides [1]
Sequence Analysis
 *Peptides (MM;RC)
*Butterflies (MM;RC)
*Anti-Bacterial Agents (MM;RC)
Gram-Positive Bacteria (MM;RC)
Amino Acid Sequence (MM;RC)
Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides (RC)
Gram-Negative Bacteria (MM;RC)
Molecular Sequence Data (RC)
Microbial Sensitivity Tests (RC)
Hemolymph (MM;RC)
Larva (MM;RC)
Molecular Weight (MM;RC)
Muramidase (MM;RC)
*Brassica (MM)
Insect Proteins (RC)
Defensins (RC)
Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization (RC)
Insect Hormones (RC)
Base Sequence (RC)
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections (RC)
Anti-Infective Agents (RC)
Mass Spectrometry (MM;RC)
Proteins (RC)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid (RC)
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid (RC)
Animals (CT)
PMID- 9307842
TI - DNA adducts and the mechanism of carcinogenesis and cytotoxicity of methylating agents of environmental and clinical significance.
AB - DNA adducts are covalent complexes formed between genotoxic carcinogens and DNA bases, and constitute a critical early intermediate on the pathway of chemical carcinogenesis. Their accumulation in different tissues reflects the amount of activated carcinogen reaching DNA, and can therefore serve as an index of the biologically relevant dose reaching the target tissues or cells. Methylating agents are of interest in view of their occurrence in the environment and their use as cytotoxic drugs in cancer chemotherapy. Current evidence indicates that O6-methylguanine plays a particularly important role in the mutagenic, carcinogenic, and cytotoxic activities of methylating agents. O6-Methylguanine is repaired efficiently by the enzyme O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT). Lack of this enzyme results in excessive accumulation of O6-methylguanine and recent evidence suggests that significant quantitative effects on adduct accumulation may be linked to conditions of very low AGT levels. This would be important from the point of view of clinical practice, since modulation of AGT is under investigation as a means of enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of clinical agents acting via the production of O6-methylguanine and related adducts, such as, for example, procarbazine, dacarbazine, and some nitrosoureas. The measurement of O6-methylguanine in human DNA has been employed as a tool to investigate the role of environmental methylating agents in human carcinogenesis. While the nature and origin of the methylating agents responsible for these adducts is currently unknown, recent studies in patas monkeys have shown that N-nitrosodimethylamine, a methylating carcinogen to which human exposure is well documented, is capable of efficiently generating O6-methylguanine in most tissues, including fetal tissues. Furthermore, it has been found that this damage is substantially enhanced by the coadministration of ethyl alcohol which acts by inhibiting the liver first-pass metabolism of the carcinogen, an observation which supports the hypothesis that alcohol consumption may act as a risk factor in human carcinogenesis by augmenting the action of nitrosamines.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
7 8 13 0.4667 0.3500 0.4000
 
Manual MTI
Animals
Antineoplastic Agents
*Carcinogens [6]
Carcinogens, Environmental
*DNA Adducts [1]
DNA Damage [8]
*DNA Methylation
Dimethylnitrosamine [7]
Erythrocebus patas
Ethanol
Female
Guanine [4]
Humans [CT]
Leukocytes
Liver
Mice
Mice, Transgenic
Neoplasms
Nitroso Compounds
Procarbazine [11]
 *DNA Adducts (MM;RC)
Metabolic Networks and Pathways (MM)
O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase (MM;RC)
Guanine (RC)
DNA (MM;RC)
Carcinogens (MM;RC)
Dimethylnitrosamine (MM;RC)
DNA Damage (MM;RC)
DNA Repair (RC)
*Cell Transformation, Neoplastic (MM;RC)
Procarbazine (MM;RC)
Nitrosamines (MM;RC)
Alkylating Agents (RC)
Dacarbazine (MM;RC)
Humans (CT)
PMID- 9385099
TI - Product-limit survival functions with correlated survival times.
AB - A simple variance estimator for product-limit survival functions is demonstrated for survival times with nested errors. Such data arise whenever survival times are observed within clusters of related observations. Greenwood's formula, which assumes independent observations, is not appropriate in this situation. A robust variance estimator is developed using Taylor series linearized values and the between-cluster variance estimator commonly used in multi-stage sample surveys. A simulation study shows that the between-cluster variance estimator is approximately unbiased and yields confidence intervals that maintain the nominal level for several patterns of correlated survival times. The simulation study also shows that Greenwood's formula underestimates the variance when the survival times are positively correlated within a cluster and yields confidence intervals that are too narrow. Extension to life table methods is also discussed.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
2 12 9 0.1429 0.1818 0.1600
 
Manual MTI
Angina Pectoris
Animals
Avoidance Learning
Exercise Test
Female
Humans
Life Tables [6]
Linear Models
Male
Rodentia
*Survival Analysis [3]
 Confidence Intervals (MM;RC)
Analysis of Variance (RC)
Survival Analysis (RC)
Cluster Analysis (MM;RC)
Biometry (RC)
Life Tables (MM;RC)
Statistics, Nonparametric (RC)
Data Interpretation, Statistical (RC)
Models, Statistical (RC)
Probability (RC)
Sample Size (RC)
Proportional Hazards Models (RC)
Likelihood Functions (RC)
Actuarial Analysis (RC)
PMID- 9350074
TI - Minimal residual disease in B-lymphoproliferative disorders by PCR detection of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene recombination.
AB - We amplified and sequenced the rearranged immunoglobulin heavy chain VDJ genomic unit in B-leukemias and used it as a clone-specific marker for the molecular monitoring of the patients during and after therapeutic treatment. The method described is patient-specific rather than disorder-specific, more sensitive and less time-consuming than other conventional techniques for the detection of minimal residual disease. We propose reproducible and quick procedures, from DNA extraction to Southern blotting, that can be easily performed in any clinical laboratory and also applied to other kinds of investigation.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
9 16 3 0.3600 0.7500 0.4865
 
Manual MTI
Base Sequence [11]
Blotting, Southern [6]
DNA, Neoplasm [14]
Gene Rearrangement [15]
Humans [CT]
*Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains [7]
*Leukemia, B-Cell, Chronic
*Leukemia, Hairy Cell
*Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Acute
Molecular Sequence Data [12]
*Neoplasm, Residual [2]
*Polymerase Chain Reaction [3]
 *Genes, Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain (MM)
Neoplasm, Residual (MM;RC)
Polymerase Chain Reaction (MM;RC)
*Lymphoproliferative Disorders (MM;RC)
Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain (RC)
Blotting, Southern (MM;RC)
Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains (MM;RC)
Genes, Immunoglobulin (RC)
DNA Primers (RC)
Recombination, Genetic (MM)
Base Sequence (MM;RC)
Molecular Sequence Data (RC)
Leukemia, B-Cell, Acute (RC)
DNA, Neoplasm (RC)
Gene Rearrangement (RC)
Immunoglobulin Variable Region (RC)
Lymphoma, B-Cell (RC)
Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte (RC)
Clone Cells (MM;RC)
DNA (MM;RC)
Molecular Diagnostic Techniques (RC)
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RC)
Sensitivity and Specificity (RC)
B-Lymphocytes (RC)
Humans (CT)
PMID- 9342465
TI - Amniotic fluid index variations after amniocentesis, amnioinfusion and amnioreduction: preliminary data.
AB - We studied the relationship between the ultrasonographically measurable variations in the amniotic fluid index (AFI) and actual changes in the amniotic fluid volume induced by three differing invasive procedures: genetic amniocentesis, amnioinfusion and amnioreduction. We examined 50 patients, all between the 15th and 34th weeks of pregnancy, subdivided into three groups. The first group consisted of 33 women who underwent genetic amniocentesis, the second was of 11 patients submitted to amnioinfusion for oligohydramnios (AFI < 5 cm), and the third was composed of 6 patients affected by hydramnios (AFI > 20 cm) and treated with amnioreduction. In all cases AFI was measured before and after the invasive procedures and their variations (delta AFI) were correlated to the actual quantities of liquid infused or extracted. All the procedures gave rise to statistically significant AFI changes. After genetic amniocentesis, the mean change was from 12.0 to 10.9 cm (p < 0.005), after amnioinfusion from 3.1 to 10.6 cm (p < 0.0001) and after amnioreduction from 33.1 to 22.0 cm. (p < 0.005). However, a significant linear correlation between delta AFI and the fluid volume variations actually induced was found for amnioinfusion (y = 0.236537 + 0.031465x; R2 = 44.4%; p < 0.05) and for amnioreduction (y = -0.0584294 + 0.012008x; R2 = 89.8%. p < 0.00001). Only for amnioreduction is it possible, as proved by a multiple regression analysis, to improve the predictability of delta AFI, taking into consideration together with the quantity of fluid aspirated, the value of the preprocedure AFI (R2 = 92%; p < 0.05).

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
7 12 2 0.3684 0.7778 0.5000
 
Manual MTI
*Amniocentesis [1]
*Amniotic Fluid [2]
Female [CT]
Humans [CT]
*Oligohydramnios [3]
*Polyhydramnios [4]
Pregnancy [CT]
Reference Values
Regression Analysis
 *Amniocentesis (MM;RC)
*Amniotic Fluid (MM;RC)
Oligohydramnios (MM;RC)
Polyhydramnios (MM;RC)
*Delivery, Obstetric (MM)
Pregnancy, Multiple (RC)
Ultrasonography, Prenatal (RC)
Pregnancy Trimester, Second (RC)
Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture (RC)
Gestational Age (RC)
Amnion (RC)
Obstetric Labor, Premature (RC)
Fetoscopy (RC)
Pregnancy Outcome (RC)
Twins (RC)
Dye Dilution Technique (RC)
Pregnancy (CT)
Humans (CT)
Female (CT)
PMID- 9304708
TI - Applications of gene transfer in hematologic malignancy.
AB - Although gene transfer was originally conceived as a means to replace or correct defective genes in patients with inherited disorders, the process has shown broad potential for intervention in hematologic malignancy and for study of hematopoietic stem cell biology. Gene transfer strategies now under investigation for these applications include 1) repair of one or more genetic defects associated with the malignant process, 2) delivery of a prodrug-metabolizing enzyme that causes tumor cells to become sensitive to the corresponding anticancer drug, 3) modification of immune responses to the cancer, and 4) introduction of drug resistance genes to increase the therapeutic index of cytotoxic agents. Finally, by marking normal or malignant cells with readily detectable genes, one can monitor the efficacy of therapy or study the dynamics of stem cell behavior in vivo. At present these applications are limited by the quality of vectors, but as transduction efficiencies and gene regulatory mechanisms improve, gene transfer can be expected to evolve into a major therapeutic modality in its own right.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
6 9 1 0.4000 0.8571 0.5455
 
Manual MTI
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm [10]
*Gene Therapy [4]
*Gene Transfer Techniques [3]
*Hematologic Neoplasms [1]
Hematopoietic Stem Cells [5]
Humans [CT]
T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
 *Hematologic Neoplasms (MM;RC)
Genetic Vectors (MM;RC)
Gene Transfer Techniques (RC)
Gene Therapy (RC)
Hematopoietic Stem Cells (MM;RC)
Neoplasms (MM;RC)
Lentivirus (RC)
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (RC)
*Physical Therapy Modalities (MM)
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm (RC)
Transduction, Genetic (RC)
Hematopoiesis (RC)
Leukemia (RC)
*Laboratory Techniques and Procedures (MM)
Humans (CT)
PMID- 9365353
TI - Concentric and eccentric isokinetic assessment of flexor-extensor torque ratios at the hip, knee, and ankle in a sample population of healthy subjects.
AB - OBJECTIVE: To establish the relationship between the flexor/extensor torque ratios in the hip, knee, and ankle. DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: Laboratory of a university rehabilitation department. PARTICIPANTS: From a group of 158 healthy volunteers, 138 subjects completed all the tests in concentric mode, and 65 in eccentric mode. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The flexor/extensor torque ratios of the hip, knee, and ankle were analyzed by means of isokinetic concentric and eccentric tests. Analysis of variance was carried out to compare the mean values of the ratios obtained between the male and female populations and between the right and left sides, and correlation analysis between the values of the joints. RESULTS: The flexor/extensor torque ratios differed significantly according to sex and angular velocities, but not according to side except for the ankle. No significant relationship was found between the flexor/extensor torque ratios in the hip, knee, and ankle joints. CONCLUSIONS: The flexor-extensor torque ratio of the knee and hip can be used as a reference point during rehabilitation of the contralateral side. Our results demonstrating the absence of correlation between the flexor/extensor torque ratio in each joint of the same limb, however, call for further longitudinal studies to be made under specific circumstances, such as training or immobilization of one joint, to follow the course of agonist/antagonist ratios and the synergistic activity between the joints.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
9 21 11 0.3000 0.4500 0.3600
 
Manual MTI
Adult
Aged
Analysis of Variance
*Ankle Joint [9]
Biomechanics
Exercise Test
Female [CT]
*Hip Joint [22]
Humans [CT]
*Knee Joint [7]
Male [CT]
Middle Aged
*Muscle Contraction [17]
Physical Medicine
Posture
Range of Motion, Articular [18]
Reference Values
Reproducibility of Results
Tensile Strength
Torque [2]
 *Knee (MM;RC)
*Torque (MM;RC)
*Ankle (MM)
*Hip (MM)
*Tarsal Bones (MM)
*Ischium (MM)
Knee Joint (RC)
*Population (MM)
Ankle Joint (MM;RC)
Flexor (MM)
*Dimethylpolysiloxanes (MM)
*Polymethacrylic Acids (MM)
*Evaluation Studies (MM)
*Demography (MM)
Isotonic Contraction (RC)
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (RC)
Muscle Contraction (RC)
Range of Motion, Articular (RC)
*Population Groups (MM)
Muscle, Skeletal (RC)
Joints (MM)
Hip Joint (RC)
Muscle Fatigue (RC)
*Weights and Measures (MM)
Isometric Contraction (RC)
Longitudinal Studies (MM)
Female (CT)
Animals (CT)
Male (CT)
Humans (CT)
PMID- 9327207
TI - The rise and fall of atrial natriuretic peptide for acute renal failure.
AB - Atrial natriuretic peptide can increase glomerular filtration rate and filtration fraction and can promote natriuresis, effects that would logically seem to improve renal function after acute tubular necrosis from ischemic or toxic injury. Early human trials suggested a beneficial effect of atrial natriuretic peptide on creatinine clearance, and a reduction in the need for dialysis in treated patients. However, randomized, placebo-controlled trials have failed to show a clinically relevant benefit on survival, dialysis-free survival, or renal function in patients treated with this agent.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
3 12 2 0.2000 0.6000 0.3000
 
Manual MTI
*Atrial Natriuretic Factor [2]
Clinical Trials
Humans [CT]
*Kidney Failure, Acute [1]
Randomized Controlled Trials
 Kidney Failure, Acute (MM;RC)
*Atrial Natriuretic Factor (MM;RC)
Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute (MM;RC)
Natriuresis (MM;RC)
Oliguria (RC)
Glomerular Filtration Rate (MM;RC)
Diuretics (RC)
Renal Dialysis (MM;RC)
Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor (RC)
Renal Circulation (RC)
Kidney (RC)
Creatinine (RC)
Furosemide (RC)
Diuresis (RC)
Humans (CT)
PMID- 9324068
TI - Transplacental transfer of naltrexone in rats.
AB - Extracts of fetal (20 days gestation) brain, heart, and liver were evaluated for naltrexone in rats 1 hour following maternal injection of 50 mg/kg opioid antagonist; adult plasma from the pregnant rats was analyzed. Samples were prepared by ultrafiltration, lyophilized, reconstituted in mobile phase, and separated by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. This qualitative analysis revealed the presence of naltrexone in all fetal tissues, as well as in adult plasma. These results indicate naltrexone, maternally administered, passes through the placenta and enters the fetus. The data would suggest that reports concerning somatic and neurobiological acceleration in offspring exposed to naltrexone during gestation may be the result of a direct opioid antagonist action in the fetus.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
11 10 5 0.5238 0.6875 0.5946
 
Manual MTI
Animals [CT]
Brain
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid [12]
Female [CT]
Heart [16]
Kinetics
Liver
Male
*Maternal-Fetal Exchange [6]
Myocardium
*Naltrexone [1]
*Narcotic Antagonists [2]
*Placenta [7]
Pregnancy [CT]
Rats [CT]
Rats, Sprague-Dawley [4]
 *Naltrexone (MM;RC)
Narcotic Antagonists (MM;RC)
*Drug Administration Routes (MM)
Rats, Sprague-Dawley (RC)
Fetus (MM;RC)
Maternal-Fetal Exchange (RC)
Placenta (MM;RC)
Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet (RC)
Transfer (Psychology) (MM)
Enkephalin, Methionine (RC)
Injections, Intraperitoneal (RC)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid (MM;RC)
Rats, Wistar (RC)
Animals, Newborn (RC)
Pregnancy, Animal (RC)
Heart (MM;RC)
Rats, Inbred Strains (RC)
Rats (CT)
Female (CT)
Animals (CT)
Pregnancy (CT)
PMID- 9322764
TI - Prevalence and chromosomal map location of Staphylococcus aureus adhesin genes.
AB - Using genomic DNA from 25 unrelated strains and probes specific for each gene, we assessed the prevalence of the Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) adhesion genes cna, fnbA, fnbB, fib, clfA, fbpA, ebpS and map. All 25 strains encoded fib, clfA, ebpS, map and at least one of the fnb genes. fbpA and coa appeared to be allelic variants of the same gene with the fbpA variant being present in only four of 25 isolates. cna was present in 10 of 25 strains. Using Southern blot analysis of SmaI-digested genomic DNA resolved by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, the adhesion genes were mapped to SmaI fragments A (ebpS), B (fib and clfA), C (fnbA/fnbB), E (fbpA), F (map) and G (cna). Despite variations in SmaI restriction profiles, co-localization of adhesin genes with genes known to map to specific SmaI fragments in the Sa 8325-4 chromosome strains suggests that the chromosomal location of each adhesin gene is conserved.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
4 21 4 0.1600 0.5000 0.2424
 
Manual MTI
*Adhesins, Bacterial [2]
Bacterial Proteins [9]
Carrier Proteins
Chromosome Mapping
*Chromosomes, Bacterial [24]
Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific
Receptors, Cell Surface
*Staphylococcus aureus [3]
 adhesin, Staphylococcus aureus (MM)
*Adhesins, Bacterial (MM;RC)
Staphylococcus aureus (MM;RC)
Staphylococcal Infections (RC)
Methicillin Resistance (RC)
*Prevalence (MM)
Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field (MM;RC)
Genes, Bacterial (RC)
Bacterial Proteins (RC)
Staphylococcus Phages (RC)
DNA, Bacterial (RC)
Genome, Bacterial (RC)
Coagulase (RC)
Bacterial Adhesion (RC)
Bacteriophage Typing (RC)
Blotting, Southern (MM;RC)
Virulence Factors (RC)
DNA Fingerprinting (RC)
Restriction Mapping (RC)
Molecular Sequence Data (RC)
Bacterial Toxins (RC)
Virulence (RC)
Polymerase Chain Reaction (RC)
Chromosomes, Bacterial (RC)
Superantigens (RC)
PMID- 9237552
TI - Iron deposits in multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease brains.
AB - Iron may contribute to the pathogenesis of neurological diseases by promoting oxidative damage. The localization of iron in multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains was investigated to further the understanding of its pathogenic role in these disease states. Earlier studies, utilizing a standard Perls' stain, yielded conflicting reports regarding the distribution of iron deposits in MS brains, and a previous study on AD brains utilized a diaminobenzidine (DAB) enhanced version of this stain. In the present study, a modified version of the DAB-enhanced stain was used; it utilizes sodium borohydride, proteinase K, Triton X-100 and xylenes to increase the accessibility of tissue iron to histochemical reagents. This modified method can reveal iron deposits that are missed by the Perls' or DAB-enhanced Perls' stains. In addition to its normal deposition in oligodendrocytes and myelin, iron was detected in reactive microglia, ameboid microglia and macrophages in MS brains. In AD brains, three types of plaques were stained: dense core, clear core and amorphous plaques. Punctate staining was also observed in neurons in the corticies of AD brains. The structure accounting for punctate labeling may be damaged mitochondria, lipofuscin or amyloid deposits. Dense core plaques, clear plaques and punctate labeling were not detected in the previous AD study which utilized only the DAB-enhanced Perls' stain. The labeling of these additional structures illustrates the benefit of the modified method. In summary, the localization of iron deposition in MS and AD brains indicates potential sites where iron could promote oxidative damage in these disease states.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
4 22 1 0.1538 0.8000 0.2581
 
Manual MTI
*Alzheimer Disease [1]
*Brain [4]
Humans
*Iron [5]
*Multiple Sclerosis [2]
 Alzheimer Disease (MM;RC)
*Multiple Sclerosis (MM;RC)
Senile Plaques (MM;RC)
Brain (MM;RC)
*Iron (MM;RC)
*Staining and Labeling (MM;RC)
Neurofibrillary Tangles (RC)
Amyloid beta-Protein (RC)
protease nexins (MM)
Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor (MM;RC)
Myelin Sheath (MM;RC)
Oligodendroglia (MM;RC)
Ferritins (RC)
3,3'-Diaminobenzidine (RC)
Amyloid (MM;RC)
Transferrin (RC)
Coloring Agents (MM;RC)
Prussian Blue Reaction (RC)
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental (RC)
Lipofuscin (MM;RC)
Histocytochemistry (RC)
Brain Chemistry (RC)
Central Nervous System (RC)
Entorhinal Cortex (RC)
Congo Red (RC)
Animals (CT)
PMID- 9344613
TI - Prostaglandin H synthase expression is variable in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines.
AB - The expression of prostaglandin H synthases can be induced by many stimuli and is likely to be important in control of the cell cycle. The analysis of prostaglandin H synthase-1 and -2 expression in colon adenocarcinoma cell lines is a useful model system for studying the function of the prostaglandin H synthases, especially with regard to proliferation and adhesion. Prostaglandin H synthase-1 protein is not found in any of eight human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. Expression of prostaglandin H synthase-2 is variable for the eight cell lines: three constitutively expressed active protein, four did not express this gene at all, and one had mRNA but no active protein. Thus, five colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines exhibit "null" expression of prostaglandin synthase-2. The three cell lines with constitutive expression of prostaglandin H synthase-2 produce PGE2. Prostaglandin E2 production could be inhibited by aspirin and NS398 without inhibiting proliferation, while direct addition of prostaglandin E2 inhibits proliferation. Adhesion to collagen IV and fibronectin was stronger in those cell lines that expressed prostaglandin H synthase-2. The constitutive expression of prostaglandin H synthase-2 is associated with increased adhesion to extracellular matrix components and a potential inhibition of proliferation through the production of prostaglandin E2. The absence of PGH synthase-2 expression in some cell lines may result from the original tumor's need to inactivate these associated functions. Our evidence suggests that PGH synthase-2 is a possible candidate for a tumor suppressor gene at 1q23-qter.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
6 20 16 0.2308 0.2727 0.2500
 
Manual MTI
Adult
Aged
Aspirin [15]
Blotting, Southern
*Caco-2 Cells
Cell Adhesion
Cell Division
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
DNA, Neoplasm
Extracellular Matrix Proteins
Female
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic [14]
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
*HT29 Cells
Humans [CT]
Male
Middle Aged
Nitrobenzenes
*Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases [1]
Prostaglandins [11]
RNA, Messenger [16]
Sulfonamides
 Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases (MM;RC)
Microsatellite Instability (RC)
*Colorectal Neoplasms (MM;RC)
*Gene Expression (MM;RC)
Dinoprostone (MM;RC)
PTGS2 protein, human (MM)
Cyclooxygenase 2 (MM;RC)
*Adenocarcinoma (MM;RC)
Cell Line (MM;RC)
Isoenzymes (RC)
Prostaglandins (RC)
Colonic Neoplasms (MM;RC)
Cyclooxygenase 1 (MM)
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic (RC)
Aspirin (MM;RC)
RNA, Messenger (MM;RC)
Transcription, Genetic (RC)
Phospholipases A (RC)
Intramolecular Oxidoreductases (RC)
Membrane Proteins (MM;RC)
Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase (RC)
Thromboxane B2 (RC)
Arachidonic Acid (RC)
Cells, Cultured (RC)
Cell Cycle (MM;RC)
Humans (CT)
PMID- 9345238
TI - A paper for debate: vein versus PTFE for critical limb ischaemia--an unfair comparison?
AB - INTRODUCTION: There is a widely held view that vein grafts for infrainguinal arterial reconstruction perform much better than prosthetic conduits, the best of which seems to be PTFE. Many randomised studies have been conducted which confirm this opinion, but is the difference as large as it is thought to be? One interesting feature of published trials is that the results for obligatory PTFE (when no vein is available) were much worse than the results for randomised PTFE grafts. The only way to explain this is that these groups of patients were not similar, and there are probably other factors which contribute to the difference in results when vein and PTFE grafts are compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A consecutive series of 109 femoro-infrapopliteal grafts undertaken for critical limb ischaemia was analysed to see the difference between vein and PTFE with vein cuff grafts. RESULTS: Vein grafts were superior to PTFE grafts when the whole cohort was included (p = 0.0038); however, there was no significant difference when the patients were stratified for inflow and runoff status. CONCLUSIONS: The difference between vein and PTFE has probably been exaggerated in the past, due to differences in risk factors and in the extent of arterial disease between the two groups of patients. The advantage of vein becomes more significant with time.

Right Wrong Missed Precision Recall F-Measure
9 17 3 0.3462 0.7500 0.4737